How to Get a NISS (Social Security) Number in Portugal

Now you may be wondering…I’ve heard of the NIF number but what is this NISS number? Short for Número de Identificação de Segurança Social, this little number is your golden ticket to the Portuguese social security system.

Want to get your hands on one? Portugalist has been helping people navigate the labyrinth of Portuguese bureaucracy since 2016. And during that time, we’ve helped plenty of expats get their hands on this NISS number.

Fill out the form below and we’ll help you get that all-important social security number.

What’s a NISS, Anyway?

The NISS is an 11-digit social security identification number. If you’re planning to work in Portugal, you’ll need this number whether you’re an employee or going solo as a self-employed maverick.

Unlike the NIF, not everyone needs a NISS. Generally speaking, you won’t need a NISS number unless you’re planning on working in Portugal.

What’s This Magic Number For?

Your NISS is like a Swiss Army knife for Portuguese bureaucracy. Here’s what this nifty number can do for you:

Social Security Benefits: The NISS entitles you to segurança social (social security) benefits, such as unemployment support or sickness leave.
Social Security Contributions: For employed folks, your NISS allows your boss to deduct social security contributions from your salary.
Taxation: Yes, even in Portugal, the taxman cometh. Your NISS helps keep everything above board with the Portuguese revenue service. Think of it as your “I’m a responsible adult” badge in the eyes of the Portuguese government.

Who Needs a NISS?

Alright, remember we said not everyone needs a NISS? Well, some people do. Let’s talk about who needs to join the NISS club.

Employees: If you’re employed in Portugal, you’ll need a NISS. Thankfully, Your employer will usually request the NISS for you.
Self-Employed/Freelancers: The thrill of being your own boss unfortunately comes with the… responsibility of getting your own NISS. That’s right, digital nomads and entrepreneurial spirits, you’ll need a NISS and you’ll need to request it yourself.
Children: The NISS is required for school enrollment, so your kids can’t escape the long arm of Portuguese bureaucracy either.

If you’re a Portuguese citizen, you likely already have a NISS. Check your citizen’s card.

Employee? Read about this catch-22

Many newcomers find themselves in a tricky situation: Their employer asks for a NISS to provide a work contract, but when they go to the Segurança Social office to get a NISS, they’re asked for a work contract.

Fortunately, many Portuguese companies are familiar with this issue and have developed a workaround. Instead of a full work contract, they can provide a “letter of intention to offer a work contract.” This document often satisfies the Segurança Social office, allowing them to issue your NISS.

How to get a NISS

So, you’ve decided to join the NISS club? Fantastic! Let’s walk you through your options.

Three Paths to NISS Nirvana

The Armchair Approach: The easiest option is to use a lawyer or relocation company to request a NISS on your behalf.
The Social Security Safari: Feeling adventurous? Visit a Segurança Social office in person. Find your nearest office at seg-social.pt or use Google Maps. Alternatively, phone (+351) 210 548 888 or 300 088 888 to book an appointment.
The Citizen Space Odyssey: As of July 2024, you can also visit an Espaço Cidadão office. Again, Google Maps is your friend here.

The Document Checklist: Your Ticket to NISS Success

Before you embark on your NISS quest, make sure you’ve got these items in your inventory:

Your passport (or European ID card) – You’ll need to prove you’re you.
Your NIF number – That’s your tax ID. You’ll need this 9-digit number before you can do anything else.
Your residence permit – Show them you’re here to stay (at least for a while).
Proof of address – A rental contract, property deeds, or an atestado de residência are all common forms of proof of address.
Application form (for self-employed/freelancers) – Your “I’m my own boss” badge.

Pro Tip for Freelancers: Before you can strut into a Segurança Social office and demand your NISS, you might need to show six months of tax contributions registered with Finanças. It’s like a probation period, but for paperwork!

FAQs

Still have questions about the NISS? Don’t worry, we’ve got you covered. Here are some of the most common queries we receive:

Q: What’s the difference between the NISS and NIF?

A: While both are important identification numbers in Portugal, they serve different purposes. The NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal) is your tax ID, while the NISS (Número de Identificação de Segurança Social) is your social security ID.

Q: Do I need a NISS if I’m retired?

A: Generally, you only need a NISS if you’re working in Portugal. However, some retirees have reported being asked for a NISS when registering for healthcare. This isn’t typically required, so if you encounter this, you may want to clarify with the authorities or seek assistance. You can

Q: Can I work without a NISS number?

A: Legally, you should have a NISS number before you start working in Portugal. This number is necessary for your employer to make social security contributions on your behalf.

Q: Do digital nomads need a NISS?

A: If you’re a digital nomad registered as living and working in Portugal, yes, you’ll need a NISS. However, if you’re just visiting Portugal and working remotely for a non-Portuguese company, you likely don’t need one.

Q: How much do lawyers and online services charge to obtain a NISS?

A: The cost can vary, but on average, you can expect to pay around €100-€150 for this service. If you need a rush service, the fee might be higher. It’s always a good idea to shop around and compare prices from different providers.

Remember, while these FAQs cover some common scenarios, everyone’s situation is unique. If you’re unsure about your specific circumstances, it’s always best to consult with a local expert or the relevant Portuguese authorities.